Despite the influential role that values and ethical leadership play in developing robust organizational cultures, research findings in this report reveal that employees around the. Peter barnes president, working assets long distance. Nurses must balance their decisions based on what evidencebased practice dictates, what the law mandates,and what the ethical dilemma calls for. An african viewpoint and experience benjamin william mkapa by 1967, six years after tanzania s independence, the. A case of selected schools in kinondoni municipality, tanzania in fulfillment of the requirements for.
Use the thinking on ethical leadership in this chapter as a guide in making your decisions. Isbn 9782889310166 corruption in africa a threat to justice and sustainable peace elizabeth nduku. Impact of ethical leadership on employee job performance shukurat moronke bello lecturer department of business administration and entrepreneurship bayero university kano, nigeria p. Public procurement shall not tolerate bribery or corruption in any form. Organizations that lack ethical leadership will not develop an organizational culture grounded in ethical decisionmaking.
The ethics secretariat is an independent department of the government under the presidents office which is established under article 2 of the 1977 constitution of the united republic of tanzania. Abstract the subject of ethical practices in kenya has been a hot one for the last two decades. Ethics is the heart of leadership, as reflected in the title of the 1998 leadership classic by joanne b. How effective leadership can facilitate change in organizations through improvement and innovation performance, but also influences the behavior and attitude of the employees in the organizationfor the better. Thus, african ethics an ethics that is weighted on duty, not on rightswould, in principle, not consider moral duty of any kind as extraordinary, optional, or supererogatory.
Ethical leadership is a form of leadership in which individuals demonstrate conduct for the common good that is acceptable and appropriate in every area of their life. The african humanitarian ethic makes all people objects of moral concern, implying that our moral sensitivities should be extended to all people, irrespective of their. Impact of ethical leadership on employee job performance. Income, assets disclosure, public officials, leadership, ethics. A new global survey identifies trustworthy business environments, and those that contain considerably more risk. This act shall apply to tanzania zanzibar as well as to mainland tanzania in respect of public officers holding offices under the union government. John tenamwenye is a diocesan priest of the diocese of same tanzania.
Ethical challenges and dilemmas in organizations a case study approach the business of the modern world, for better or worse, is business. This act may be cited as the public leadership code of ethics. This act shall apply to tanzania zanzibar as well as to mainland. A leader and an organization that has a reputation for ethical behavior can provide. Remember that the relationship between you and your followers is at the heart of ethical leadership and requires that you show sensitivity to others needs, treat others journal of business ethics, leadership. The need for student awareness of workplace value systems. Ethical procurement should also include an understanding of suppliers. Van buren, noonmark nonprofit services this brief paper explores the meaning of ethical leadership on a practical level in nonprofit organizations. The march 2004 mombasa declaration on leadership in africa highlights essential principles of ethical leadership such as leaders serve their peoples and nations best when. Further research about the frequency and intensity of nurse managers ethical problems is needed as well as possible differences in different levels of management.
Ethical leadership ethical leadership is based on the extent to which employers and executives are motivated by ethical values when influencing their employees a leaders moral development rather than the style of leadership abrhiem 2012. At the regional level, in 1997, the division coorganized a regional conference on public service in transition. Followers simply are beneficiaries of a leader living a virtuous life. Ethical infrastructure for good governance in the public. The state of corruption in tanzania has reached alarming levels and impedes government revenue and redistribution of wealth, supported by poor policies, which favor a few corrupt businessmen from both within and outside the. Management of an organization by an ethical leader is important to ensure that all employees work. Ethical leadership behaviours of school administrators. The examples of ethical leadership provided by nelson mandela and.
The east african community eac was formally established on 30 nov. Nurse managers identified a variety of different ethical problems in their work. This orientation of african ethics takes its impulse, undoubtedly, from the humanistic outlook that characterizes traditional african life and thought. Oct 23, 2015 the examples of ethical leadership provided by nelson mandela and julius nyerere show the importance of modeling norms of conduct at the highest levels. Income and assets disclosure among public officials in. The basics of ethical leadership villanova university. Examples of such are nelson mandela of south africa, kwame nkurumah of ghana, robert mugabe of zimbabwe, sertse khama of botswana, kamuzu banda of malawi, jomo kenyatta of kenya, and julius nyerere of tanzania. Assessment of leadership practices at school level in community secondary schools. Relationship between school principals ethical leadership. Chapter 2 leadership for growth, development, and poverty reduction. A leader is motivated not by influencing others but rather living by ones own virtues. Leadership is a process whereby a person influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal. The impact of organizational values and ethical leadership. A framework of moral values and ethical principles a code of conduct.
Nor is an illegal act necessarily immoral so metimes it can be justified to break the law h ausman and mc person. An act to establish a code of ethics for certain public. Ethical procurement practices should be extended to all stakeholders in the procurement cycle. Corruption 9 public procurement professionals who become aware of any corrupt activity have a duty to the profession and to their employing organizations to alert their senior management andor elected officials. Corruption is immoral and the outcome of unethical behavior. Wisdom from africa on ethical leadership africa center. Thus, the development of an ethical framework for the governance and management of the pharmaceutical sector may be relevant for other sectors just as the experience gained in other sectors in addressing ethical issues may provide important inputs in the area of pharmaceuticals. Employees ethical conducts in organizations are not new concepts issues and makes most of the newspaper headlines over and over again. Ethical leadership questionnaire developed by langlois 2007 has been used. Questions of human liberation, dignity, peace, and justice were key to his personal ethics, explained haroub othman, the late university of dar es salaam professor and.
Ethical leadership and anticorruption sustainable socioeconomic development will only be attainable if the current corruption that has become commonplace in tanzania is arrested. Strengthening ethical political leadership is trepiditious, given the deeply engraved status quo that appeals to political elites who. A leader is considered ethical when inward virtues direct the leaders decisionmaking process. Enacted by the parliament of the united republic of tanzania. Ethical leadership in south africa and botswana scielo. Ethical leadership and anticorruption ceo roundtable of. The challenges of leadership and governance in africa. Substantial research demonstrates that ethical leaders improve a broad range of outcomes for their employees, but considerably less attention has been devoted to the performance and success of the leaders themselves. Pdf ethical leadership in south africa and botswana. Introduction the quest for restoration of leadership codes of ethics lce has turned to be a perennial problem in tanzania.
Download pdf restricted access leadership and organizational change. This definition has a clear ethical dimension because it refers to a common goal. This act may be cited as the public leadership code of ethics act. Mbwete 2014 argues that lce problem is partly due to lost integrity and accountability among the public leaders at all levels. Organized around themes such as power and the public and private morality of leaders, the book explores the ethical issues of leadership in a variety of. Ceo roundtable of tanzania ethical leadership for growth. In the contemporary value based society ethics plays an important role in all spheres of life. Steinberg 1994 argued that ethics in the world of organisations business involve ordinary decency which encompasses such. I would say that they way people perceived the ethical or unethical leadership would again based on the 2 principles that has been demonstrated in the blog above, however, the ethical code of conducts of each company or industry might be different from one another. Be the example a noble quality of a leader is leading by example. Abstract increasingly the literature highlights the importance of having ethics and values taught at all levels of the education system. The institutionalisation of teacher ethics in tanzanias secondary. Strengthening ethical political leadership for sustainable. The five principles of ethical leadership presented here can be traced back to aristotle.
For example, perhaps the patient did not want the administration of hy. Ethical leadership models ethical behavior to the organization and the community. Unless we learn to conduct business in ways that sustain our souls and the life supporting web of nature, our future as a species is dim. In order for the public service to be efficient and respected, public servants shall behave, conduct and observe the code of ethics and conduct as stipulated herein below. This approach emphasizes the actions of leaders and their ethical responsibility to do what is right. We measured ethical leadership perceptions utilizing a combination of scales in an attempt to encompass the larger breadth of ethical leadership scales found in the. A forum through which industry leaders within the tanzanian private sector could constructively engage with government, its development partners and other stakeholders with a view to creating a more conducive environment for business to prosper and for the country to develop. Ghana, south africa, tanzania, uganda and the united states for coming to participate in this seminar. Tips for strengthening values and ethical leadership. A common goal requires that the leader and followers agree on the direction to be taken by the group. It is composed of the following three major elements. Principles of ethical leadership southeastern homepages. Exploring new avenues for euture research michael e.
Public health ethics helps us decide what we should do and why. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Thirtyeight articles were ultimately selected due to their focus on four main topics. In his book meeting the ethical challenges of leadership, craig e. Implementing effective ethics standards in government and the civil service 3 it is now generally recognised that meaningful and enforceable ethics codes, linked to systemic practices and procedures, based on legislation, and backed by management leadership and highlevel political commitment, and ongoing professional ethics training. The law however, set a minimum standard for ethical conduct, an act may be legal but that does not automatically mean it is ethical t hink about apartheid laws, for instance. He serves as the head of department of ethics of the catholic university of eastern africa and lectures on the social doctrine of the church and christian ethics. We will also discuss the interaction between organization culture and ethical practice. The treaty envisages the establishment of a customs union, as the entry point of the community, a common market.
The foundation of political and economic development in kenya. The present study explores the extent to which being ethical relates to leaders performance and promotability. Enhancing its role, professionalism and ethical values and standards. Leadership is defined as the influence, power and the. Although rooted in bioethics and clinical and research ethics, public health ethics has many characteristics that set it apart.
Public procurement practice ethical procurement element 1. As an endeavor to make the reforms successful, in 1995, the government enacted public leadership code of ethics act, and in. Dec 19, 20 however, this ethical arrangement is being challenged by the enlightenment of peoples rights and the emergence of human rights groups. Effectiveness of ethics on public service delivery in tanzania. It explores the perspectives of school leaders using semistructured individual interviews. This was central to julius nyereres leadership as many ethical norms he modeled were institutionalized in tanzanias.
Understanding unethical behavior by unraveling ethical culture article pdf available in human relations 646. Leadership is the process of creating the subordinates identification with the groups mission and creating their desires to achieve the groups goal. The manual record keeping system also contributes much in the poor. Ethical leadership is a construct that appears to be ambiguous and includes various diverse elements g. Another influence on african leadership and organizational ethics is supererogation, which is an act beyond the call of duty, an act over and above what a person is required to do as a moral agent. To be a good ethical leader, you should have strong values and aim to inspire your employees. Ethical leadership is demonstrated in behaviors such as fair treatment, honesty, trustworthiness and a sincere consideration of.
There are two behaviors we can engage in to support leaders of organizations to drive ethical behavior. The role of leadership in organizational development. As an ethical leader, its important to remember that. May 09, 2017 examples from uganda, malawi, rwanda, and tanzania offer lessons of how ethical leadership is central to maintaining public trust in the security sector and ultimately preserving stability and peace. The study adds knowledge to school leadership literature from tanzania, particularly on. This single case study investigated the nature of the ethical challenges that secondary school leaders face in conforming to the demands for ethical leadership and professionalism. The constitution of the united republic of tanzania of 1977. Best practice for success dr subhasree kar associate professor sambhram academy of management studies bangalore abstract. The role of leadership in organizational development ahmed a khator phd student in strategic management jomo kenyatta university of agriculture and technology jkuat mombasa cbd campus school of human resource development p. Although the practice of public health has always considered ethical issues, the emergence of public health ethics as a discipline is relatively new. Johnson uses the analogy of heroes and villains when discussing how leaders attempt to affect change.
For a framework of moral values and ethical principles to have a significant and sustainable impact on the professional conduct of public servants an ethics infrastructure is required. Common ethical issues in the workplace toxic culture. Humanismthe doctrine that sees human needs and interests as fundamentalthus constitutes the foundation of african ethics see section 5 above. It examines common ethical problems, how companies can protect themselves. The focus of the ethics of leadership is the ethical challenges that are distinctive to leaders and leadership. Its main function is to implement the public leadership code of ethics act, no.
The ethical scandals in business raised questions about the role of. Abstract the crisis of ethical political leadership is responsible for africas underdevelopment and insecurity, and its social and structural injustices. Governments, such as those of new zealand and australia. Ethical leadership 491 outcomes, are telling the truth, keeping promises, being fair, and respecting others northouse, 20. Indeed, ethics and leadership should go hand in hand. The impact of organizational values and ethical leadership on. This was central to julius nyereres leadership as many ethical norms he modeled were institutionalized in tanzania s political system and its political and military culture. If you want your organization or initiative and those who work in it to behave ethically, then its up to you to model ethical behavior. Ethical leader behavior recently, research on ethical leader behavior in organizations has increased and several studies and a number of theoretical articles have begun to address ethical leadership and its correlates for a. The idea of ethical concerns further complicates the nurses decisionmaking process in this nebraska case study. Specifically, supervisors must hold themselves accountable and support their employees in following their organizations ethics standards.
We address this question by examining ethical leadership from the. Code of ethics and conduct for the public service tanzania. Ethical leadership, employee trust of management and. Operationalization or implementation entail proper use of the management standards, such as ensuring. Unethical practices in organizations and at the political arena have been widely reported in the wake of many highprofile management and financial scandals. B 3011, kano, nigeria abstract despite the growing concern of researchers in the field of business ethics, cases of unethical practices have. A skilled and wellsupported leadership team in schools can help foster a sense of ownership and purpose in. Pdf understanding unethical behavior by unraveling. Organized around themes such as power and the public and private morality of leaders, the book explores the ethical issues of leadership in a variety of contexts including, business, ngos, and government. While there are a wide range of practices and strategies leaders can use to address these areas, eci has identified several that it considers key to any successful effort dedicated to strengthening organizational values and ethical leadership.
The state of corruption in tanzania has reached alarming levels and impedes government revenue and redistribution of wealth, supported by poor policies, which favor. Ethical culture in tanzania is regulated by code of ethics and conduct of. Code of ethics and conduct for the public service this code has been made by the minister of state, presidents office public ser vice management under the authority of section 34 of the public service act, 2002 and regulations 651 of the public service regulations, 2003. Application this act shall apply to tanzania zanzibar as well as to mainland tanzania in respect of public officers holding offices under the union government. This information is useful in the development of ethics in nursing management. Ethical procurement best practice starts with the employees in procurement following an ethical code which dictates their behavior and actions while conducting business. Ethics in leadership in the context of the african continent. For those of us who are interested in ethical behavior in the workplace, we can help. Chapter 2 leadership for growth, development, and poverty.